Page 38 - Demo

%u0411%u0415%u0422%u041e%u041d%u041d%u042b%u0415 %u0422%u0415%u0425%u041d%u041e%u041b%u041e%u0413%u0418%u041838 CPI %u2013 Concrete Plant International | Eurasia Edition %u2013 6 | 2025 www.cpi-worldwide.com%u041a%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043b%u044f%u0446%u0438%u044f %u043c%u0435%u0436%u0434%u0443 %u043c%u0435%u0442%u043e%u0434%u0430%u043c%u0438 OPI %u0438 TPT%u0418%u0441%u0441%u043b%u0435%u0434%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043d%u0438%u044f, %u043f%u0440%u043e%u0432%u0435%u0434%u0435%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0435 %u0432 [7, 9, 11, 19], %u043f%u043e%u043a%u0430%u0437%u044b%u0432%u0430%u044e%u0442 %u0445%u043e%u0440%u043e%u0448%u0435%u0435 %u0441%u043e%u043e%u0442%u0432%u0435%u0442%u0441%u0442%u0432%u0438%u0435 %u043c%u0435%u0436%u0434%u0443 %u043c%u0435%u0442%u043e%u0434%u0430%u043c%u0438 OPI %u0438 TPT. %u0412 %u0447%u0430%u0441%u0442%u043d%u043e%u0441%u0442%u0438, %u0438%u0441%u0441%u043b%u0435%u0434%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043d%u0438%u0435 [6] %u0432%u044b%u044f%u0432%u0438%u043b%u043e %u043e%u0442%u043b%u0438%u0447%u043d%u0443%u044e %u043a%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043b%u044f%u0446%u0438%u044e (R=0,97) %u043d%u0430 %u043b%u0430%u0431%u043e%u0440%u0430%u0442%u043e%u0440%u043d%u044b%u0445 %u043e%u0431%u0440%u0430%u0437%u0446%u0430%u0445. %u0422%u0440%u0435%u0431%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043b%u0438%u0441%u044c %u0434%u043e%u043f%u043e%u043b%u043d%u0438%u0442%u0435%u043b%u044c%u043d%u044b%u0435 %u0438%u0441%u0441%u043b%u0435%u0434%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043d%u0438%u044f, %u0447%u0442%u043e%u0431%u044b %u0438%u0437%u0443%u0447%u0438%u0442%u044c, %u043c%u043e%u0433%u0443%u0442 %u043b%u0438 %u043d%u0430%u0442%u0443%u0440%u043d%u044b%u0435 %u0438%u0437%u043c%u0435%u0440%u0435%u043d%u0438%u044f %u043f%u0440%u0438%u0432%u0435%u0441%u0442%u0438 %u043a %u0430%u043d%u0430%u043b%u043e%u0433%u0438%u0447%u043d%u043e%u0439 %u043a%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043b%u044f%u0446%u0438%u0438, %u043a%u0430%u043a %u043d%u0430%u0431%u043b%u044e%u0434%u0430%u043b%u043e%u0441%u044c %u0432 [6]. %u0412 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u043e%u043c %u0438%u0441%u0441%u043b%u0435%u0434%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043d%u0438%u0438 %u043c%u0435%u0442%u043e%u0434%u044b OPI %u0438 TPT %u0432 %u0446%u0435%u043b%u043e%u043c %u043e%u0434%u0438%u043d%u0430%u043a%u043e%u0432%u043e %u0440%u0435%u0430%u0433%u0438%u0440%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043b%u0438 %u043d%u0430 %u0432%u0430%u0440%u044c%u0438%u0440%u0443%u0435%u043c%u044b%u0435 %u043f%u0430%u0440%u0430%u043c%u0435%u0442%u0440%u044b, %u0437%u0430 %u0438%u0441%u043a%u043b%u044e%u0447%u0435%u043d%u0438%u0435%u043c %u0432/%u0446 %u043e%u0442%u043d%u043e%u0448%u0435%u043d%u0438%u044f. %u0420%u0435%u0437%u0443%u043b%u044c%u0442%u0430%u0442%u044b %u0443%u043a%u0430%u0437%u044b%u0432%u0430%u043b%u0438 %u043d%u0430 %u043d%u0435%u043f%u0440%u043e%u043d%u0438%u0446%u0430%u0435%u043c%u044b%u0439 %u0431%u0435%u0442%u043e%u043d, %u043f%u043e%u043a%u0430%u0437%u0430%u0442%u0435%u043b%u0438 %u043a%u043e%u0442%u043e%u0440%u043e%u0433%u043e %u0437%u043d%u0430%u0447%u0438%u0442%u0435%u043b%u044c%u043d%u043e %u043f%u0440%u0435%u0432%u044b%u0448%u0430%u043b%u0438 %u0442%u0440%u0435%u0431%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043d%u0438%u044f %u0441%u043e%u043e%u0442%u0432%u0435%u0442%u0441%u0442%u0432%u0443%u044e%u0449%u0438%u0445 %u0440%u0443%u043a%u043e%u0432%u043e%u0434%u0441%u0442%u0432 [17, 18]. %u0422%u0430%u043a%u0438%u043c %u043e%u0431%u0440%u0430%u0437%u043e%u043c, %u043e %u043a%u0430%u0447%u0435%u0441%u0442%u0432%u0435 %u0431%u0435%u0442%u043e%u043d%u0430 %u043c%u043e%u0436%u043d%u043e %u0431%u044b%u043b%u043e %u0441%u0434%u0435%u043b%u0430%u0442%u044c %u043e%u0434%u0438%u043d%u0430%u043a%u043e%u0432%u044b%u0435 %u0432%u044b%u0432%u043e%u0434%u044b. %u041d%u0430 %u0440%u0438%u0441. 6 %u043f%u043e%u043a%u0430%u0437%u0430%u043d%u0430 %u0441%u0438%u043b%u044c%u043d%u0430%u044f %u043a%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043b%u044f%u0446%u0438%u044f, %u043e%u0431%u043d%u0430%u0440%u0443%u0436%u0435%u043d%u043d%u0430%u044f %u0434%u043b%u044f %u043f%u043e%u043b%u0443%u0447%u0435%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 %u043b%u0435%u0442%u043e%u043c %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 (R=-0,80), %u043f%u0440%u043e%u0430%u043d%u0430%u043b%u0438%u0437%u0438%u0440%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 %u0432 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u043e%u0439 %u0440%u0430%u0431%u043e%u0442%u0435. %u0420%u0435%u0437%u0443%u043b%u044c%u0442%u0430%u0442%u044b %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u043e%u0433%u043e %u0438%u0441%u0441%u043b%u0435%u0434%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043d%u0438%u044f %u0445%u043e%u0440%u043e%u0448%u043e %u0441%u043e%u0433%u043b%u0430%u0441%u0443%u044e%u0442%u0441%u044f %u0441 %u0440%u0435%u0437%u0443%u043b%u044c%u0442%u0430%u0442%u0430%u043c%u0438 %u0441%u0443%u0449%u0435%u0441%u0442%u0432%u0443%u044e%u0449%u0438%u0445 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 %u0438%u0437 [21] (%u043d%u0430%u0431%u043e%u0440 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 A), [13] (%u043d%u0430%u0431%u043e%u0440 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 B), [11] (%u043d%u0430%u0431%u043e%u0440 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 C), %u0438 [6], [7] (%u043d%u0430%u0431%u043e%u0440 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 D), %u043f%u0440%u0438 %u044d%u0442%u043e%u043c %u0434%u043b%u044f %u043e%u0431%u044a%u0435%u0434%u0438%u043d%u0435%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445 %u043d%u0430%u0431%u043b%u044e%u0434%u0430%u0435%u0442%u0441%u044f %u043e%u0447%u0435%u043d%u044c %u0432%u044b%u0441%u043e%u043a%u0430%u044f %u043a%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043b%u044f%u0446%u0438%u044f (R=-0,95) (%u0441%u043c. %u0440%u0438%u0441. 7). %u041d%u0430%u0431%u043b%u044e%u0434%u0435%u043d%u0438%u044f %u0443%u0431%u0435%u0434%u0438%u0442%u0435%u043b%u044c%u043d%u043e %u0441%u0432%u0438%u0434%u0435%u0442%u0435%u043b%u044c%u0441%u0442%u0432%u0443%u044e%u0442 %u0432 %u043f%u043e%u043b%u044c%u0437%u0443 %u0441%u043e%u0432%u043c%u0435%u0441%u0442%u043d%u043e%u0433%u043e %u0438%u0441%u043f%u043e%u043b%u044c%u0437%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043d%u0438%u044f %u043c%u0435%u0442%u043e%u0434%u043e%u0432 OPI %u0438 %u0422%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043d%u0442%u0430 %u043d%u0430 %u0441%u0442%u0440%u043e%u0439%u043f%u043b%u043e%u0449%u0430%u0434%u043a%u0435.%u0412%u043b%u0438%u044f%u043d%u0438%u0435 %u0432%u043b%u0430%u0436%u043d%u043e%u0441%u0442%u0438 %u043d%u0430 %u043a%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043b%u044f%u0446%u0438%u044e %u043c%u0435%u0442%u043e%u0434%u043e%u0432 OPI %u0438 %u0422%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043d%u0442%u0430 %u043d%u0435 %u043e%u0431%u0441%u0443%u0436%u0434%u0430%u043b%u043e%u0441%u044c %u0432 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u043e%u0439 %u0441%u0442%u0430%u0442%u044c%u0435, %u043d%u043e %u0441%u043e%u0441%u0442%u0430%u0432%u043b%u044f%u0435%u0442 %u0432%u0430%u0436%u043d%u0443%u044e %u0447%u0430%u0441%u0442%u044c %u0438%u0441%u0441%u043b%u0435%u0434%u043e%u0432%u0430%u043d%u0438%u044f %u0434%u043b%u044f %u043a%u043e%u043c%u043f%u043b%u0435%u043a%u0441%u043d%u043e%u0433%u043e %u043f%u043e%u0434%u0445%u043e%u0434%u0430 %u043a %u043e%u0446%u0435%u043d%u043a%u0435 %u0434%u043e%u043b%u0433%u043e%u0432%u0435%u0447%u043d%u043e%u0441%u0442%u0438 %u0432%u043e %u0432%u043b%u0430%u0436%u043d%u044b%u0445 %u0443%u0441%u043b%u043e%u0432%u0438%u044f%u0445. %u042d%u0442%u043e%u0442 %u0430%u0441%u043f%u0435%u043a%u0442 %u0431%u0443%u0434%u0435%u0442 %u043e%u0431%u0441%u0443%u0436%u0434%u0430%u0442%u044c%u0441%u044f %u0432 %u0431%u0443%u0434%u0443%u0449%u0438%u0445 %u043f%u0443%u0431%u043b%u0438%u043a%u0430%u0446%u0438%u044f%u0445. %u0084%u0418%u0441%u0442%u043e%u0447%u043d%u0438%u043a%u0438[1] M. G. Alexander, J. R. Mackechnie, and Y. Ballim, %u2018Guide to the use of durability indexes for achieving durability in concrete structures%u2019. pp. 1%u201318, 1999.[2] M. J. Alexander, %u2018Durability indexes and their use in concrete engineering%u2019, pp. 9%u201322, 2005, doi: 10.1617/2912143586.002.[3] M. G. Alexander, A. Bentur, and S. Mindess, Durability of concrete: Design and construction. CRC Press - Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.[4] G. W. Nganga, %u2018Practical implemenation of the durability indexbased performance approach%u2019, MSc. Thesis submitted to University of Cape Town, 2012.[5] G. W. Nganga, M. G. Alexander, and H. D. Beushausen, %u2018Quality control of reinforced concrete structures for durability%u2019, XIII Conf. Durab. Build. Mater. Components, no. 1, pp. 1006%u20131014, 2014.[6] S. Starck, %u2018The Integration of Non-Destructive test methods into the South African Durability Index Approach%u2019, MSc. Thesis submitted to University of Cape Town, 2013.[7] S. Starck, H. Beushausen, M. Alexander, and R. Torrent, %u2018Complementarity of in situ and laboratory-based concrete permeability measurements%u2019, Mater. Struct. Constr., vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 1%u201315, 2017, doi: 10.1617/s11527-017-1037-3.[8] R. J. Torrent and G. Frenzer, %u2018A method for the rapid determination of the coefficient of permeability of cover concrete%u2019, in International Symposium on Non-destructive Testing in Civil Engineering (NDT-CE), 1995, pp. 985%u2013992.[9] R. J. Torrent, R. D. Neves, and K.-I. Imamoto, Concrete Permeability & Durability Performance: From Theory to Field Applications, First. CRC Press - Taylor & Francis Group, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429505652-5.[10] M. G. Alexander, Y. Ballim, and K. Stanish, %u2018A framework for use of durability indexes in performance-based design and specifications for reinforced concrete structures%u2019, Mater. Struct. Constr., vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 921%u2013936, 2008, doi: 10.1617/s11527-007-9295-0.[11] A. Bahurudeen and M. Santhanam, %u2018Performance evaluation of sugarcane bagasse ash-based cement for durable concrete%u2019, Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Durab. Concr. Struct. ICDCS 2014, no. July, pp. 275%u2013281, 2014, doi: 10.5703/1288284315412.[12] M. Romer, %u2018Effect of moisture and concrete composition on the Torrent permeability measurement%u2019, Mater. Struct. Constr., vol. 38, no. 279, pp. 541%u2013547, 2005, doi: 10.1617/14321.[13] RILEM Technical Committee, %u2018Comparative Test - Part I : \Test Methods - RILEM TC 189-NEC: State-of-the-Art Report%u2019, in Non-Destructive Evaluation of the Penetrability and Thickness of the Concrete Cover, no. May, RILEM, 2007, pp. 157%u2013185.[14] SANS 3001-CO3-1, %u2018Civil engineering test methods %u2013 Part CO3-1 : Concrete durability index testing %u2013 Preparation of test specimens%u2019, 2015.[15] SANS 3001-CO3-2, %u2018Concrete durability index testing. Part CO3-2: Oxygen permeability test%u2019, 2015.[16] WITS and UCT, %u2018Durability Index Testing Procedure Manual%u2019, Nov. 2023.[17] SIA 262/1, %u2018Construction en b%u00e9ton %u2013 Sp%u00e9cifications compl%u00e9mentaires. Annex E: %u201cPerm%u00e9abilit%u00e9 %u00e0 l%u2019air dans les structures%u201d (Extract)%u2019, Soci%u00e9t%u00e9 suisse des ing%u00e9nieurs et des Architectes, Zurich, 2019.[18] COTO, %u2018Quality assurance (Draft standard)%u2019, in Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Works for South African Road Authorities, no. October, The South African National Roads Agency SOC Ltd., 2020.[19] M. Glinicki and G. Nowowiejski, %u2018Strength and permeability of concrete with CEM II and %u201cCEM V%u201d cements containing high calcium fly ash%u2019. 2013.[20] B. S. Dhanya, %u2018Study of the influence of supplementary cementitious materials on selected durability parameters of concrete%u2019, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, 2015.[21] M. Romer et al., %u2018Comparative test - Part I - Comparative test of %u201cpenetrability%u201d methods%u2019, Mater. Struct. Constr., vol. 38, no. 284, pp. 895%u2013906, 2005, doi: 10.1617/14384.9.09.510.010.511.00.001 0.01 0.1 1 10OPI kT (10-16 %u0266%u00b2)28 Days56 Days28 %u032d%u0331%u032f%u0328%u0321%u03f1%u03f2%u0003%u032d%u0331%u032f%u0328%u03218.59.09.50.00.51.00.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100kT (10-16 %u0266%u00b2)Dataset ADataset BDataset CDataset D28-56 Days%u02bb%u030c%u030d%u0328%u032c %u0314%u030c%u0326%u0326%u033c%u0335%u0003%u02a4%u02bb%u030c%u030d%u0328%u032c %u0314%u030c%u0326%u0326%u033c%u0335%u0003B%u02bb%u030c%u030d%u0328%u032c %u0314%u030c%u0326%u0326%u033c%u0335%u0003C%u02bb%u030c%u030d%u0328%u032c %u0314%u030c%u0326%u0326%u033c%u0335%u0003D28-56 %u032d%u0331%u032f%u0328%u0321%u0420%u0438%u0441. 6. %u041a%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043b%u044f%u0446%u0438%u044f %u043c%u0435%u0436%u0434%u0443 %u0440%u0435%u0437%u0443%u043b%u044c%u0442%u0430%u0442%u0430%u043c%u0438 OPI %u0438 TPT %u0420%u0438%u0441. 7. %u041a%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043b%u044f%u0446%u0438%u044f %u043c%u0435%u0436%u0434%u0443 %u043c%u0435%u0442%u043e%u0434%u0430%u043c%u0438 OPI %u0438 %u0422%u043e%u0440%u0440%u0435%u043d%u0442%u0430 %u0434%u043b%u044f %u0441%u0443%u0449%u0435%u0441%u0442%u0432%u0443%u044e%u0449%u0438%u0445 %u0438 %u0442%u0435%u043a%u0443%u0449%u0438%u0445 %u0434%u0430%u043d%u043d%u044b%u0445