Page 21 - Demo

CONCRETE TECHNOLOGYwww.cpi-worldwide.com CPI %u2013 Concrete Plant International | India Edition %u2013 1 | 2026 21concrete mixes. The mix designs considered two approaches i) replacing clinker by the optimal proportion of calcined kaolinite clay and LS, and ii) further reducing clinker/powder in the system by optimising the proportions of the constituent materials. Materials and mix compositionMaterialsFour kaolinite clay samples from South Africa (SA) and Tanzania (TZ) were investigated: Bronkhorstspruit (B-Clay) and Hopefield (H-Clay) in SA, Pugu (PH-Clay) in TZ, and Heidelberg Cement plant area (HC-Clay) in Dar es Salaam, TZ. The composition of the resulting cementitious binders was optimized based on mortar compressive strength and hydration characteristics, as detailed in [10].Concrete mix compositionFor the durability studies, a water/binder (w/b) ratio of 0.4 was selected to represent a high-performance concrete for marine exposure. The mix compositions are shown in Table 1.n Emmanuel Safari Leo is a lecturer at the University of Dar es Salaam, College of Engineering and Technology. He obtained his MSc (Eng.) and PhD from the University of Cape Town, South Africa and his BSc (Civil Eng.) degree from the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. His research interest focuses on supplementary cementitious materials. leo.emanuel@udsm.ac.tzn Mark Alexander is Emeritus Professor of Civil Engineering, and a Senior Research Scholar in the University of Cape Town. He has a PhD from the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and is a Fellow of the University of Cape Town, of RILEM, of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, the South African Academy of Engineering, and the Indian Concrete Institute. He is a registered Professional Engineer in South Africa. His research interests are in concrete durability, service life prediction, concrete sustainability, and repair and rehabilitation of deteriorated concrete structures. mark.alexander@uct.ac.zan Hans Beushausen is Professor for structural engineering and materials in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Cape Town and Director of the Concrete Materials & Structural Integrity Research Unit. His research fields include concrete durability (material aspects, durability testing, design and specification), performance assessment and repair of concrete structures, and sustainable concrete technology (low carbon cementitious binders, recycled aggregates). He is an editor of the magazine Concrete Plant International, a member of fib and ACI, and Vice President of RILEM.hans.beushausen@uct.ac.zaMADE IN JAPANPrecast moulds & equipment- 60 years of experience- Exporting to 27 countries- One-touch collapsible inner core - All custom-made- Watertight TOYOTA KOHKI CO., LTD. | Phone: +81 42(366)6011 | info@toyotaforms.com | www.toyotaforms.comToyota Forms India Pvt. Ltd.Toyota Forms India Pvt Ltd.Plant: Ozone Industrial Park, Sub Plot no-21Nr.Kerala G.I.D.C, Bhayla Bavla Ahmedabad-382220 Gujarat India Phone: +91 02714-671300